In press. Ice loss from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets as well as alpine glaciers has accelerated in recent decades. There are many opportunities for you to become involved and help us keep Seattle great. 700 5th Avenue, Suite 4900, Seattle, WA, 98104 Merrifield, G.A. Coastal flooding is on the rise. The maps above show temperature anomalies, or changes, not absolute temperature. Tide gauge stations from around the world have measured the daily high and low tides for more than a century, using a variety of manual and automatic sensors. 75pp. (2011). Realclimate.org. The non-vegetated vertical accuracy for the project is calculated at 0.172 feet (0.052 meters). Sign up for a utility discount and get rebates for environmentally friendly practices. The City of Seattle makes no representations or warranty as to its accuracy, and in particular, its accuracy as to labeling, completeness, reliability, currency, dimensions, contours, property boundaries or placement of location of any map feature thereon. These changes will put pressure on drinking water supplies, food production, property values, and more, in the U.S. and all around the world. Climate Resilience Toolkit.). The higher the sea level, the faster and stronger the return signal is. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. We provide construction professionals with guidelines, specifications, and permits to connect to Seattle's water and sewer systems. We do our best to minimize the impact of our construction on your neighborhood. Phone: (206) 684-3000. In the natural world, rising sea level creates stress on coastal ecosystems that provide recreation, protection from storms, and habitat for fish and wildlife, including commercially valuable fisheries. Photos courtesy of Louis H. Pedersen (1917) and Bruce F. Molina (2005), obtained from the Glacier Photograph Collection, Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology. We manage large, regional watersheds that provide some of the cleanest water in the nation. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) stated last month in a special report on the oceans that global average sea levels could rise by up to 1.1m by 2100, in the worst warming scenario. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N. Weyer (eds.)]. A., and White, N. J. Scientists account for these types of changes by measuring sea level change … Our connection to the community is very important. Sea Level Change. (The global mean surface air temperature for that period was estimated to be 14°C (57°F), with an uncertainty of several tenths of a degree.) If melted completely, the Greenland ice sheet contains enough water to raise sea level by 5-7 meters (16-23 feet). Clark, A. Cazenave, J.M. If Earth's climate continues to warm, then the volume of present-day ice sheets will decrease. Sea-Level Rise from the Late 19th to the Early 21st Century. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/3/2019/11/SROCC_FinalDraft_Chapter3.pdf. [online] http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf. The values are shown as change in sea level in millimeters compared to the 1993-2008 average. (2013). Temperatures in the upper half of the ocean are measured by a global fleet of aquatic robots. Sea level can rise by two different mechanisms with respect to climate change. How fast it will rise depends mostly on the rate of glacier and ice sheet melting. Find everything to research, obtain permits, install, inspect, or restore pavement for construction involving water lines. Interactive Map Climate change Snapshots of a warming world. Water Outages View our current water outage map and read about how you can prepare for planned water outages. In: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.- O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N. Weyer (eds.)]. The base digital elevation model (DEM) used in the analysis was produced using data from the 2016 regional LiDAR project by King County & the Puget Sound LiDAR Consortium. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Climate Resilience Toolkit. In some ocean basins, sea level has risen 6-8 inches (15-20 centimeters). The second mechanism is the melting of ice over land, which then adds water to the ocean. Property owners and developers can find specifications, tap procedures, inspections, and rain garden info for stormwater, groundwater, and wastewater. In urban settings along coastlines around the world, rising seas threaten infrastructure necessary for local jobs and regional industries. All three utilities strive to operate in a cost-effective, innovative and environmentally responsible manner. Connect with coastal stakeholders across the country through this interactive map, which allows you to identify and share your observations and experiences with sea-level rise impacts along Canada's coastline. Learn about our commitment to equitable service and civic partnerships. Consider a water cycle diagram, like the one below; global warming is altering nearly every stage in the diagram. View our current water outage map and read about how you can prepare for planned water outages. Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States. Since the 2012 report report, new research has emerged showing that some of the more extreme estimates of how quickly those ice sheets could melt were more plausible than they previously seemed. [Online: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/NOAA_Technical_Report_NOS_COOPS_073.pdf], Global Ocean Heat and Salt Content page at NCEI, Tides and Currents Sea Level Trends page at the National Ocean Service, Digital Coast Sea Level Rise Viewer at the Coastal Services Center, Coastal Flood Risk page at the U.S. (2012). http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/sod/lsa/SeaLevelRise/documents/NOAA_NESD... https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/, http://cpo.noaa.gov/sites/cpo/Reports/2012/NOAA_SLR_r3.pdf, http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2019/03/alpine-glaciers-another-decade-of-loss/, https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/techrpt83_Global_and_Regional_SLR_Scenarios_for_the_US_final.pdf, https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/NOAA_Technical_Report_NOS_COOPS_073.pdf, Explaining the NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer, Rising Sea Levels Threaten Hawaiian Sea Turtles’ Nesting Sites, Climate Change: Arctic sea ice summer minimum. Past and future sea level rise at specific locations on land may be more or less than the global average due to local factors: ground settling, upstream flood control, erosion, regional ocean currents, and whether the land is still rebounding from the compressive weight of Ice Age glaciers. In many locations along the U.S. coastline, high-tide flooding is now 300% to more than 900% more frequent than it was 50 years ago. Seattle Public Utilities (SPU) knows the COVID-19 pandemic has made it harder for some of its customers to afford essential services. Church, J.A., P.U. Using data from scores of stations around the world, scientists can calculate a global average and adjust it for seasonal differences. For the safest holidays - EVERYONE should avoid travel and only gather with household members to prevent the further spread of COVID-19 in our region. The scenarios differ based on potential future rates of greenhouse gas emissions and differences in the plausible rates of glacier and ice sheet loss. The pace of sea level rise accelerated beginning in the 1990s, coinciding with acceleration in glacier and ice sheet melting. As global temperatures continue to warm, sea level will continue to rise. Payne, W.T. Potential Sea-Level Changes. Second, the volume of the ocean is expanding as the water warms. Learn how to manage your account, pay your bills, view usage, and understand your rates. Regional differences exist because of natural variability in the strength of winds and ocean currents, which influence how much and where the deeper layers of the ocean store heat. The most recent special report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says we can expect the oceans to rise between 10 and 30 inches (26 to … We have programs to help you save on your utility costs. Globally, sea levels have risen about 7 inches since the beginning of the 20th century. Learn environmentally friendly ways you can save money on utilities. Will your city or county be flooded by 2020? Volunteer to remove graffiti or join a cleaning event. IPCC. ... A partial melting of this ice sheet would cause a 1-meter (3-foot) rise. Church, J. The pace of global sea level rise more than doubled from 1.4 mm per year throughout most of the twentieth century to 3.6 mm per year from 2006–2015. Leuliette, E. (2014). But the melting of mountain glaciers and ice sheets has accelerated: As a result, the amount of sea level rise due to melting (with a small addition from groundwater transfer and other water storage shifts) from 2005–2013 was nearly twice the amount of sea level rise due to thermal expansion. Based on their new scenarios, global sea level is very likely to rise at least 12 inches (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels by 2100 even on a low-emissions pathway. (Explore past and future frequency of high-tide flooding at U.S. locations with the Climate Explorer, part of the U.S. The map of the United Kingdom is … Gregory, S. Jevrejeva, A. Levermann, M.A. (2016). (n.d.) Sea level trends. Also read about what to do if your bill seems too high. To squeeze or stretch the graph in either direction, hold your Shift key down, then click and drag. In 2019, global mean sea level was 3.4 inches (87.6 millimeters) above the 1993 average—the highest annual average in the satellite record (1993-present). Melting of the current Greenland ice sheet would result in a sea-level rise of about 6.5 meters; melting of the West Antarctic ice sheet would result in a sea-level rise … NASA photo by Maria-José Viñas. The early part of the time series shown in the graph above comes from the sea level group of CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), Australia's national science agency. In no event will The City of Seattle be liable for any loss or damage including without limitation, indirect or consequential loss or damage, or any loss or damage whatsoever arising from loss of data or profits arising out of, or in connection with, the use of any SLR information. To estimate how much of the increase in sea level is due to actual mass transfer—the movement of water from land to ocean—scientists rely on a combination of direct measurements of melt rate and glacier elevation made during field surveys, and satellite-based measurements of tiny shifts in Earth’s gravity field. [Online: http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2019/03/alpine-glaciers-another-decade-of-loss/] Accessed November 18, 2019. Parris, A., P. Bromirski, V. Burkett, D. Cayan, M. Culver, J. Sea level is measured by two main methods: tide gauges and satellite altimeters. We manage sewer, drainage, and waste collection services for residents and businesses in Seattle. They depict how much various regions of the world have warmed or cooled when compared with a base period of 1951-1980. Water levels account for the National Tidal Datum Epoch 1983-2001 (NTDE 83-01). Ice loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet increased seven-fold from 34 billion tons per year between 1992-2001 to 247 billion tons per year between 2012 and 2016. NOAA Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services. Now there's a map for that. Our large watersheds supply safe and clean drinking water to the greater Seattle area. Changes in ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream can also affect sea levels by pushing more water against some coastlines and pulling it away from others, raising or lowering sea levels accordingly. Large images: 1917 | 2005. Map by NOAA Climate.gov based on data provided by Philip Thompson, University of Hawaii. Learn about our ongoing maintenance of these pipes and how this work can impact your neighborhood. https://www.climate.gov/maps-data/dataset/sea-level-rise-map-viewer Global warming is causing global mean sea level to rise in two ways. Roads, bridges, subways, water supplies, oil and gas wells, power plants, sewage treatment plants, landfills—the list is practically endless—are all at risk from sea level rise. The Social Vulnerability Index , which shows areas of high human vulnerability to hazards, is based on population attributes from Census 2010 (e.g., age and poverty) and the built environment. On the bright side, if future energy choices keep us on one the three lowest pathways, Alaska and the Pacific Northwest are likely to experience local sea level rise that is less than the global average. You can see how this process works by building a model using everyday items to demonstrate that water expands when heat energy is added. (2013). Learn about the water system, water quality labs, and metering. Using data from scores of stations around the world, scientists can calculate a global average and adjust it for seasonal differences. The interactive map, produced by Climate Central, shows the change in the UK in the next 30 years because of rising sea levels. Added together (purple line), these separate estimates match the observed sea level very well. NOAA Tech Memo OAR CPO-1. It is based on a weighted average of 373 global tide gauge records collected by the U.S. National Ocean Service, UHSLC, and partner agencies worldwide. Nerem, P.D. Rates of local sea level (dots) can be amplified by geological processes like ground settling or offset by processes like the centuries-long rebound of land masses from the loss of ice age glaciers. Thermal expansion happens when water gets warmer, which causes the volume of the water to increase. Summary for Policymakers. In IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.-O. Rep. NOS CO-OPS 083. The darker line is based on University of Hawaii Fast Delivery sea level data. Nuisance flooding in Annapolis in 2012. By 2005, the glacier had retreated, and the lake had become a small grassland. From these gravity shifts, scientists estimate the amount of added water. Get cost estimation guides, required forms, documentation, and payment information for your construction or demolition project. The climate projection methodology is described in full in Rasmussen et al. With climate change, the water cycle is expected to undergo significant change. [online] http://cpo.noaa.gov/sites/cpo/Reports/2012/NOAA_SLR_r3.pdf. Climate Projections. Photo by Amy McGovern. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. This is an increase of 0.24 inches (6.1 mm) from 2018. Vital Signs of the Planet: Global Climate Change and Global Warming. If we follow a pathway with high emissions, a worst-case scenario of as much as 8.2 feet (2.5 meters) above 2000 levels by 2100 cannot be ruled out. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/3/2019/11/SROCC_FinalDraft_Chapter3.pdf, https://report.ipcc.ch/srocc/pdf/SROCC_SPM_Approved.pdf, http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf. Even if the world follows a low greenhouse gas pathway, global sea level will likely rise at least 12 inches (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels by 2100. Explore information about some of Seattle Public Utilities' completed construction projects, including summaries and documentation. Global Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the US National Climate Assessment. The projections and scenarios are based on a 2018 Washington Coastal Resilience Project (WCRP) report ("Projected Sea Level Rise for Washington State"). Climate change impacts the world’s water in complex ways. SPU also houses the Engineering Services line of business, which serves both City departments and outside agencies, providing efficient, customer-oriented engineering services that assist clients with replacing, improving, and expanding facilities with the least possible disruption to the community. We manage Seattle's sewer and drainage systems, including street storm drains and pollution control. For example, a warmer climate causes more water to evaporate from both land and oceans; in turn, a warmer atmosphere can hold more water – roughly four percent more water for every 1ºF rise in temperature. Climate change encompasses not only rising average temperatures but also extreme weather events, shifting wildlife populations and habitats, rising seas, and a range of other impacts. Globally, 8 of the world’s 10 largest cities are near a coast, according to the U.N. Atlas of the Oceans. King Tides: Snap the Shore, See the Future A collaboration of NOAA’s Office for Coastal Management and the King Tides Project to help people understand the global impact of sea level rise. Access manuals, design specifications, and guidelines to meet design and construction rules and requirements, including CAD resources. Seattle has over 1,200 miles of sewer pipe. Observed sea level since the start of the satellite altimeter record in 1993 (black line), plus independent estimates of the different contributions to sea level rise: thermal expansion (red) and added water, mostly due to glacier melt (blue). Learn about current projects in your neighborhood, across the city, and at our drinking water facilities in the region. From 2018 to 2019, global sea level rose 0.24 inches (6.1 millimeters). Naturally occurring ocean climate cycles can also play a role in temporarily masking or enhancing the effects of climate change on sea level rise. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Explore this interactive graph: Click and drag either axis to display different parts of the graph. New Climate Satellite Measures Sea Level Rise Space is the best place — maybe the only place — to get a complete picture of how climate change … [online: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/] Accessed November 18, 2019. With high rates of emissions, sea level rise would be much higher, but was unlikely to exceed 6.6 feet higher than 1992 levels. Both the low-end and “worst-case” possibilities were revised upward in 2017 following a review by the U.S. Interagency Sea Level Rise Taskforce. Accessed November 18 2019. The global mean water level in the ocean rose by 0.14 inches (3.6 millimeters) per year from 2006–2015, which was 2.5 times the average rate of 0.06 inches (1.4 millimeters) per year throughout most of the twentieth century. NOAA Tech. (2019). Fires and floods: maps of Europe predict scale of climate catastrophe This article is more than 10 months old Without urgent action, rising sea levels by end of century could leave cities under water This prevents over-emphasizing regions where there are many tide gauges located in close proximity. Pedersen Glacier, at Aialik Bay in Alaska’s Kenai Mountains, in 1917 (left) and 2005 (right). Hall, R. Horton, K. Knuuti, R. Moss, J. Obeysekera, A. Sallenger, and J. Weiss. Do you have feedback to offer on this or another article?Let us know what you think. Only in Alaska and a few places in the Pacific Northwest are sea levels falling, though that trend will reverse under high greenhouse gas emission pathways. Published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. What Caused the Accelerated Sea Level Changes Along the U.S. East Coast During 2010–2015? Construction projects can learn how to salvage or dispose of solid waste during and after the build, including hauling requirements and dust control. By 2050? Water Outages View our current water outage map and read about how you can prepare for planned water outages. You can tour the Cedar River Watershed and hike nearby trails. In some ocean basins, sea level has risen as much as 6-8 inches (15-20 centimeters) since the start of the satellite record in 1993. The decadal average loss from glaciers in the World Glacier Monitoring Service’s reference network quintupled over the past few decades, from the equivalent of 6.7 inches (171 millimeters) of liquid water in the 1980s, to 18 inches (460 millimeters) in the 1990s, to 20 inches (-500 millimeters) in the 2000s, to 33 inches (850 millimeters) for 2010-2018. Around the U.S., nuisance flooding has increased dramatically in the past 50 years. Climate Change Science Program, NOAA scientists conducted a review of the research on global sea level rise projections. Park, J.J. Marra, C. Zervas and S. Gill (2014). We're here to help. In press. Zoom into a familiar location, create a point, and share your story. For the densely populated Atlantic seaboard north of Virginia and the western Gulf of Mexico, sea level rise will likely be higher than the global average for all pathways. Since the early 1990s, sea level has been measured from space using radar altimeters, which determine the height of the sea surface by measuring the return speed and intensity of a radar pulse directed at the ocean. By the end of the century, global mean sea level is likely to rise at least one foot (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels, even if greenhouse gas emissions follow a relatively low pathway in coming decades. The weights for each gauge in the global mean are determined by a cluster analysis that groups gauges from locations where sea level tends to vary in the same way. In the early 20th century, the glacier met the water and calved icebergs into a marginal lake near the bay. Milne, R.S. Melt streams on the Greenland Ice Sheet on July 19, 2015. For more detail on the data sources, see the end of the article. The rate of sea level rise is accelerating: it has more than doubled from 0.06 inches (1.4 millimeters) per year throughout most of the twentieth century to 0.14 inches (3.6 millimeters) per year from 2006–2015. View central estimates. Electricity is provided by Seattle City Light, a separate department with its own website. This Scary Map Shows How Climate Change Will Transform Your City Click on your city, and the map will pinpoint a modern analog city that matches what your climate may be in 2080. NOAA Climate.gov graph, adapted from Figure 8 in Sweet et al., 2017. We also help manage construction waste. How much it will rise depends mostly on the rate of future carbon dioxide emissions and future global warming. On future pathways with the highest greenhouse gas emissions, sea level rise could be as high as 8.2 feet (2.5 meters) above 2000 levels by 2100. About half of the measured global sea level rise on Earth is from warming waters and thermal expansion. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-011-9119-1, Domingues, R., Goni, G., Baringer, M., & Volkov, D. (2018). A third, much smaller contributor to sea level rise is a decline in the amount of liquid water on land—aquifers, lakes and reservoirs, rivers, soil moisture. Maps forecast large areas of Nelson under water from sea-level rise. Pfeffer, D. Stammer and A.S. Unnikrishnan. By 2005, the glacier had retreated, and the lake had become a small grassland. ... Sea-Level Rise. Chapter 3: Polar regions. Frightening climate change map shows huge swathes of UK under water ... ice sheets and glaciers melt and warming sea water expands, ... sea levels could rise between 2ft … A LANDMARK UN report has warned sea levels will rise way faster than first thought by 2100, so how much of the UK will be under water by that time? We provide construction professionals with guidelines, specifications, and permits to connect to Seattle's water and sewer systems. Higher sea level also means more frequent high-tide flooding, sometimes called “nuisance flooding” because it isn't generally deadly or dangerous, but it can be disruptive and expensive. PO Box 34018, Seattle, WA, 98124-5177 By the end of the century, global mean sea level is likely to rise at least one foot (0.3 meters) above 2000 levels, even if greenhouse gas emissions follow a relatively low pathway in coming decades. 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